Not a dead Polish economist but a live Yale professor. I tend to resist totalizing theories, but the peroration caught my eye:
Finally, we must run like the plague from any sense that history is on our side, that the good society is certain to come, if only x or y. History is on no one's side. A century from now, our descendants may regret all that we have done. We have at best a 50-50 chance of creating a better world-system than the one in which we now live. But 50-50 is a lot. We must try to seize Fortuna, even if it escapes us. What more useful thing can any of us do?
Food for thought in the entire article, go read. I'd be especially interested in a feminist perspective, which seems entirely absent. So, despite the totalizing feel, there's gap analysis to do.
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No, the feminist perspective is included.
While discussing the three themes that pervaded the New Left uprising in 1968, it is stated:
Lster, as part of the "what must be done" summary:
Granted, this is somewhat (actually highly) theoretical, but that is of a piece with the entire article.
JFK has been shot, we miss him a lot
He always knew what to do
-- Philly Cream
You're right, I exaggerated
But to me there's no question that the extraction of surplus value is the totalising theme. That's not a feminist perspective. And to me, the last paragraph you cite is weak. He treats gender, class, and race/ethnicity/religion almost as a list, instead of a set of relationships.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
a feminist's perspective
short version: men broke everything and now lambert wants women to take the lead in fixing it all.
slightly longer version: you seem to believe that women are inherently different from men, and will therefore bring us a different [and surely it's got to be better?] world. but the differences, whether we're talking about sex or intellect or whatever, are not so clearly delineated. i'm 101% for nwp+era, but brooksley born, sheila bair, elizabeth warren, and hillary clinton notwithstanding, the world is full of smart, ambitious, capable, conservative women, any number of whom will not deliver the world that you are looking for.
Not at all
I'm saying that I don't have expertise in the field. So, if you do, would you care to share? Or would you prefer me to blunder about, assuming that I know everything, and without asking questions?
I mean, I'm reading these threads and I'm seeing phrases like "second wave feminism" tossed around like anybody knows what it is, and it's clear I know very little about some interesting and important thinking that's going on.
You write:
Well, I asked for the feminist perspective, not the perspective of "women." If Phyllis Schafly is a feminist, that comes as news to me. So I'm not sure where you got that summary of what my beliefs "seem" to be, if you based it on this post.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Wave feminism: a quick summary (YMMV)
The first wave was the women's suffrage movement. It ended when women got the vote in 1920. The second wave was probably what you think of when you think of feminists: the goal was mainly societal equality for women and reproductive rights. 1972 was the "year of the woman" because not only did a black woman make a high-profile run for president for the first time (Shirley Chisholm), but there was also a historically large group of women elected to Congress. And, Roe v. Wade was decided by the Supreme Court.
The third wave came because women of color felt that second-wavers were mostly white middle-class women who didn't address their needs. Unfortunately, IMHO, it focused too much on the personal feelings of women and their sexual "empowerment." And now, we have regressed to the point where women candidates can be threatened with physical harm on the air and blithely dismissed as bimbos or "psycho ex-girlfriends" or wanna-be assassins without an iota of shame.
After the misogynist horrorshow that was the 2008 election, many of us feminist types around the blogosphere decided that we needed a fourth wave. I was invited to be a part of the New Agenda, which hopes to usher in this Fourth Wave, and at first I participated, but I soon realized that I could not go in that direction, especially when they kept censoring my work. So, we're all kind of trying to figure out what the Fourth Wave should be. Some are calling it the "Second Wave Squared."
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shirley chisholm
she has been one of my idols ever since that run for the presidency.
Ah, I remember reading about Shirley Chisolm.
In Fear and Loathing on the Campaign Trail 72. Way back in the New Hampshire Primary.
Nothing is true; everything is permitted.
it depends on which feminists you ask
Well, I asked for the feminist perspective, not the perspective of "women."
as a liberal/progressive/lefty/whatever, i'm not the least interested in sarah palin*, but as a feminist, yes. she rose to power and prominence through a particularly misogynist old-boys network and the fact that she then used that power to further conservative goals and not liberal ones doesn't necessarily negate her achievement, although many feminists feel that it does.
first, second, third wave feminism, while appearing neat and tidy in a wikipedia article, isn't all that clear-cut either, so don't feel bad.
I'm saying that I don't have expertise in the field. So, if you do, would you care to share?
my 'expertise' in feminism is not so much from the 'theory' side of it, and more from the activist side, mostly [but not entirely] as a second-waver [just to use the labeling system at hand]. i've been working on a couple-two-three posts on this, but they're not likely to be especially illuminating as to modern feminist thought.
eta: *or schlafly, or rice, or a slew of others
Well, as we all know...
labeling systems have their pluses and minuses. Especially ones that are overly schematic. In a way, I feel rather like I've stumbled into a debate between Calvinists and Lutherans, or Trotskyites and Maoists -- lots of complicated passionately fought out arguments, a lot of context, little of which is visible, and a great many personalities. And then, of course, there's "the personal is the political" (what I came of age with, in the 70s). However, madameab says that "the political is the political."
I like your comment on Palin. "a particularly misogynist old-boys network"... Now, what could that possibly remind me of? I know it will come to me in a moment...
What I like about NWP + ERA (= ???) is that it's simple to explain and understand and can be shown to have obvious benefits. That said, going back to Wallerstein's article, you might look at his do-list, which we're sort of doing, plus this:
I'm more with [A] as an outcome. "Never-ending piecing together of the multiple wisdoms...." Banksters don't tend to do a very good job with that.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
heh
a particularly misogynist old-boys network"... Now, what could that possibly remind me of? I know it will come to me in a moment...
some of those networks are actively anti-woman, others are just, out of habit more than anything else, full of dudes. we [mostly] crashed the gates of the latter kind relatively easily. the other kind... we're still working on that.
not sure how to avoid cocoons of expertise
or even if avoiding them is wise. definitely need an ixnay on the unanswerable to the larger society part though.
not sure i go along with his two divisions, but i'll have to think on that.
meanwhile, his spirit of davos is more or less equivalent to doing things the masculine way, and the spirit of porto alegre the feminine way, if you buy into the evo psychos' [and others'] ideas that men and women have evolved to be 2 different creatures and never the twain shall meet. all you have to do is look around at the real people who surround you to see that doesn't hold. just as an example, by your own admission, you're both male and porto alegre, and i suppose we'll have to take history's word for it that catherine the great, who was arguably davos, was female.
i like nwp+era and would work for it even if it meant loosing more conservatives on the world, i don't expect it to necessarily result in more porto alegre and less davos just because it would empower women. i'd dearly like to avoid the phyllis schlaflys, but... bair is a republican, kaptur supports stupak, ....
feminist spirits
I agree that following his scheme, the spirit of porto alegre aligns more with feminism, but I disagree as to the reasons. I don't think we have to turn to the evo psychos (thankfully) to see the alignment.
Disclaimer: most of the time, I have almost no idea what Third Wave Feminism is, since most things that characterize it are, to me, distinctly not very feminist at all. So I'm just going to pretend, arguendo, that we've got the 1st and 2nd waves going on, with something more encouraging coming up in the 4th.
One way to understand feminism is that women are at the wrong end of a distinctly asymetrical power relationship or hierarchy. Actually both those words should be plural, since it's not just one relationship but several, all shot through with other elements which affect where one ends up in a hierarchy. (class, race, sexual orientation, culture, colony status, etc.), but in the base version the split is male = privileged end and female = sucks to be you end.
The really hot and heavy debates within feminism are usually centered around 1) how that split was created and is maintained; and 2) what is the best strategy for equalization. But at the end of the day, feminism entails an essential rejection of whatever hierarchies, at least those based on anything immutable like sex or race, or for which there is a heavy burden to 'overcome', like class or religion. Those hierarchies are just plain wrong, for either moral or practical reasons (or both).
The experience of being at the wrong end has often made various feminist movements extremely sympathetic to others who have a membership in groups which are also at the bottom of other power relationships.
Both subtypes of the spirit of Davos -- a highly repressive system or a polarized and unequal system -- are extremely likely to perpetuate the skew in power. Many feminists, I'd think, would be attracted to the second subtype, since it bears the rhetoric of equalization ("a multicultural utopia, and meritocratic opportunities for all"), but not the reality ("all this while maintaining a polarized and unequal system.") Boy, this reminds me of something, but I can't think what....something about the traps of lofty rhetoric...
But I digress. On the spirit of Porto Alegre side, feminists have a choice of transformation through either 1) "universal universalism [built] out of the never-ending piecing together of the multiple wisdoms..."; and 2) "transformation from above... [to] an ever more coordinated and integrated world-system". I'd have to say 1) sounds as if it has the most potential to be hierarchy-busting for women, although Wallerstein's formulation sounds almost sarcastic (are we talking about DFHs
here?).
Reasonable men adapt themselves to their environment; unreasonable men try to adapt their environment to themselves. Thus all progress is the result of the efforts of unreasonable men. -- George Bernard Shaw
A = the New Dealers, B = the reds.
To simplify just a tad.
JFK has been shot, we miss him a lot
He always knew what to do
-- Philly Cream
The "a dead Polish economist"
...link dead ends at a "page not found." This link works for me but the url generated by clicking on the post's title doesn't. That url includes /blogs for some reason.
it's fixed now
that last drupal upgrade was the culprit iirc. you have to click on read more to get the correct link, now no more just plain clicking on the post title. aggravating.
Arthur links to this thread...
... and references The History Boys. To cut -- spoiler alert -- to the bonus punchline after the punchline:
Shorter Wallerstein on inevitability.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
feminism : waves, schmaves
A hmm, re: that last paragraph:
"This is the hardest task of all, since there are none of us guiltless and none of us pure. "
"The Impure + Guilty Need Not Apply"?
Reporter to Mahatma Gandhi: What do you think of Western Civilization?
Gandhi to reporter: I think it would be a good idea.
I read it the exact opposite way
A difficult task is rendered easier by approaching its difficulties honestly, yes?
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
What does nwp+era mean?
As Anatole France said, "The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread." Legal equality is often a cover for actual inequality. We're seeing it now in the Stupak amendment, which in its majestic equality forbids men as well as women to get abortions.
The French got it right -- equality is crucial, but is real only in a context of liberty and brother/sisterhood. The gender division is the foundation for other inequalities, which then feed back into and perpetrate gender inequality. We need to include every person's right to autonomy and self-determination. That will mean figuring out a different way to allocate resources.
Continuing to make property ownership or paid employment the means to adequate support of life and of full participation in the society perpetuates inequality. After all, there is work that is necessary for the continuation of society that we currently don't pay, particularly the reproduction of the next generation and the emotional work of psychologically stabilizing the citizens. The fullest attempt to deal with those issues that I know of is the Israeli kibbutz, which doesn't seem to have survived increased prosperity very well. And many if not most progressives are emotionally wedded to the concept of meritocracy, which I think results from long indoctrination in school -- I deserve more than you because I got better grades and a higher degree. That's the appeal of the 2)transformation from above approach of the Porto Alegre side.
I think there are a number of intermediate steps to take, which are good in their own right. First, reduce the inequality in access to resources. This would include virtually confiscatory marginal income and estate taxes at the upper end, and guaranteed social benefits for everyone.
Second, cut paid work time, by shortening the work day/week, having more holidays, longer paid vacations, and earlier retirement. And more educational time, both in terms of providing free college education and of significant educational leave throughout one's work life. The English trade movement benefited hugely from working man's education, and we should aim to support both up-to-date work skills and personal/civic education. The shorter work time, I should note, was attempted by the UAW in the 50s and 60s which foresaw that increasing productivity would reduce the number of jobs. They envisioned the productivity supporting the same number of workers at a better level of living. The combination of ramped-up consumerism and anti-union propaganda (lazy loafers who don't do an honest day's work driving up the price of your car!) killed that, but failing a collapse in productivity, the economy cannot generate enough jobs for the current everybody-works structure. If you're wondering how this is feminist, you're not looking at the division of unpaid work in the society and the way that long employment hours reduce women's autonomy and self-determination, nor at how they can increase the access of men to more resources and thus more power.
That's all I've got on a Saturday night.
"... the division of unpaid work in the society ..."
I keep thinking that might be a patriarchal (economic) rent.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
liberté, égalité, fraternité
[and where is sororité?]
there are sooooo many reasons to like france and the french...
nwp = national women's party
era = equal rights amendment
Those darned French...
with their high standard of living, their incredible cuisine, their amazing art, architecture and poetry, and all that delicious wine...
:-)
(Yes, I am a Francophile too. Can you tell?)
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All Gaul is divided into three fats
Butter, lard, and olive oil.
Hat tip: Adam Gopnik.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
(giggle)
"Butter...is the secret of life."
--Gerard Depardieu as a brilliant French Chef in"The Last Holiday"
(Okay, so it was a stupid movie that I saw on a plane. It was still a great line, and Depardieu said it.)
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in france
the emergency room comes to you.
just one more reason to become a francophile.
Sorry, I wasn't clear
I know what the letters stand for. I just don't know what "national women's party plus equal rights amendment" means. Would the focus be primarily on enactment of the ERA? I was trying to make the point that the current system with legal equality doesn't promise well for genuine gender equality and wondered how the issues would be addressed. And whether the amount of explanation necessary to argue against the silliness (we're probably beyond the terror of single-sex bathrooms, but not the threats against things that are the special "privileges" of women, like maternity leave or assault-on-female laws) might be better used for more effective policies. Absolutely, the ERA should be a goal to mitigate damage under the current legal system, but I'm not convinced that it should suck all the air out of structural changes necessary for gender equality.
In my opinion...
the ERA would provide a legal basis for making those structural changes possible, just as the Civil Rights Act did for the black community. I believe we should think of the ERA as the Civil Rights Act for women. It would be a means to an end, not the end in itself. And we would need to arm ourselves with a full complement of attorneys and activists to fend off the many challenges that would ensue. The fundiegelicals, in particular, would go absolutely batsh*t if the ERA passed.
Never vote for people who hate you.
ERA Now!
The Widdershins
Civil Rights Act
Actually, you can think of the Civil Rights Act as the Civil Rights Act for women.
The Civil Rights Act banned discrimination based on sex as well as race. The continuing gender-based asymmetry of personal autonomy 45 years later is why I'm leery of focusing too much effort on the ERA. While employers can no longer overtly refuse to hire people based on race or sex, black men and all women still make a significantly less than white men, even though discrimination is illegal. So spending years prioritizing passage of the ERA on the hope that it will do something that a law of nearly half a century's standing hasn't, sounds like being attracted by a symbol rather than effective action.
You're entitled to your opinion, of course.
Your argument, however, makes no sense. If the Civil Rights Act were sufficient to guarantee equality for women, it would have done so. For women's equality, it is the Civil Rights Act which is a symbol.
The Civil Rights Act did not even end slavery for women. Women are still being sold into slavery in America.
Historically speaking, women do not get equality without a Constitutional Amendment in America. That is what it takes to start pushing against the patriarchy, in my opinion.
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Apparently some communication problems
We appear mutually to find that the other's argument makes no sense.
My opinion is that legal equality is insufficient to bring about genuine equality. As an example, I noted that the law has required equality in employment for nearly half a century, but there is still significant inequality in employment. Therefore, I want to prioritize addressing the structural bases that keep inequality in place.
As I understand it, your opinion is that legal equality will produce genuine equality. If the current law requiring equality doesn't produce equality, the thing to do is to pass another law requiring the same thing. I don't know, you may believe that "constitutional amendment" is the magic phrase that will grant it efficacy, but we have different readings on history. Anyway, as I understand it, you want to prioritize the legal amendment process for the years it will take, on the grounds that once it's passed, there'll be equality.
I believe that our current system has built-in biases that gender equality laws can't touch. For example, people who have leisure, time flexibility, and access to resources get more power and autonomy than those who don't. "Networking" as a respected business method is sheer cronyism. Those factors work to maintain primacy of class, race, and gender. A poor man will rarely do as well as a rich man, even though they are guaranteed equal legal rights. A women will face extra difficulties because of systemic, cultural and behavioral factors. Note that single childless women do almost as well as men, so it's less legal liabilities that separate the two than the other means of retaining high status among the already high statused. I don't think the linked report goes far enough. I think we can address the systemic, cultural and behavioral factors through the kinds of efforts that grant all women and non-elite men more autonomy.
However, everybody follows his or her own passion for ways to save the world. Good luck.
Good luck to you too...
and I do sincerely hope that you stop misrepresenting my argument at some point.
No, that is not remotely, at all, in any way, shape or form, what I wrote. I wrote that I feel the ERA is the beginning of the equality process, and that I feel it will provide the legal basis for the structural changes you and I probably both agree on. There is nothing "magic" about it. It is simply giving us a platform from which to begin to make those changes - a platform which cannot be easily overturned by any branch of the government.
And if the ERA isn't important, then why did Phyllis Schafly and her patriarchal allies fight like maniacs to prevent it from being ratified? Or am I "reading history differently" than you? Oh, please share your interpretation with me, a lowly wimminz who believes in "magic" solutions to real problems I can't begin to understand. Golly! Show me the error of my silly feminine ways!
I also notice that you keep including men in your formulation. I don't care about men at this point. They've had thousands of years to get it right, and they haven't yet.
I'm putting women first. It's about f*cking time.
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Are you serious?
Misrepresenting and misunderstanding are different things. The reason for repeating my understanding of what you're saying is so you can correct it. That's why I repeated, "As I understand it. . . ." I think I might understand your position better if you could give me an example of how this platform thing works. I know that a constitutional amendment is harder to overturn than a simple law, but it's still subject to interpretation by the Supremes. We could still end up with gender versions of Plessy V. Ferguson. But mainly, I'd appreciate a simple example of the following form: "Here's the current situation of inequality. Here's what the ERA would enable in order to change it." My first comment in this thread was that we need to impose virtually confiscatory taxes on high incomes, guarantee social benefits, and reduce paid work time. I don't see how the ERA will be a platform to do any of that.
I ask if you're serious because your question about history comes across as a little sarcastic, but then the internet is notorious for failing to convey tones and nuances. But anyway, here goes. I don't read history to say that the ERA is the beginning of the equality process. I'd date the modern process from Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Women through the Seneca Falls Convention, through the suffragette movement through the women's liberation movement. I'd include the Civil Rights Act. I am appreciative of the people who worked in far more difficult times than our own for human rights, and think I have a duty to remember them.
As I read history, the 14th Amendment granting equal protection of the laws was passed in 1868. The Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964. Are nonwhites now on equal footing with whites, and even if so, is the outcome what we want? Martin Luther King in 1967 didn't think so; he thought structural changes were necessary that were not mandated by strictly equality legislation. Here's an example in an excerpt from his last book -- minimum guaranteed income, what I meant when I said earlier with more verbosity and less grace that we need to stop making property ownership or paid employment the means to adequate support of life and of full participation in the society. So my reading of history is that 141 years after passage of a constitutional amendment requiring equality before the law for all citizens and 45 years after extending the requirement, we still have significant social/economic inequality because of structural issues that equality legislation doesn't address. Based on this, I don't see the ERA addressing them either. As for Schlafly and crew, remember they also want a constitutional amendment banning flag burning. Symbolism does matter, especially if it's all you've got. Sort of like the war against Christmas that Faux News fights every year. The symbolism may well divert us for the next however many years if we make the ERA the "beginning of the equality process."
And finally, yes, I do include men in the formulation. Divisions among the peasants are the way the overlords stay in power. Like in economic equality -- women used to make 60 cents on the dollar. Now it's 78 cents. More equal, right? But the greater equality has come from men's pay eroding as much as from women's pay improving. I think equality has a value, and support equality even at a somewhat lower income level than two combined unequal incomes. However, this is the choice that benefits the elites at the expense of the rest of us -- whoopee! lower labor costs. And equality to boot! Women shouldn't give up their own interests to placate men, but neither should they be so myopic as to think a separate peace is possible in an unjust society.
Let me respond to the ideas behind
your arguments, rather than the many, many specifics, simply because I feel it will be more helpful.
We actually do not agree on the structural changes that need to be made in order for society to become more just. My bad on that one.
We do not agree on my belief that what will make society more just is for 51% of the population to become fully enfranchised members of society.
You do not understand what I mean when I say I want to put women first. That's okay. Most men don't. But this is really amazing to me.
How in the world are women pushing for a separate peace by pushing for equality? Do the words "majority of the population" mean anything to you? Jesus Christ! 51% is not a separate peace!
Here is a specific list of what could happen if we have a comprehensive strategy once the ERA is passed.
That's just the beginning.
And yes, I was snarking at you because you are coming off as very condescending, whether you realize it or not. Using words like "magic" and "myopic" are not respectful.
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You're right, we disagree
I have utterly failed to communicate the basis of the disagreement, and I've made my best effort. I still don't understand where the lack of clarity lies. But as I tried to get clearer, instead I apparently just got disrespectful. My apologies.
Thank you for the sincere apology. (no snarking there).
I don't think you've failed to communicate the source of the disagreement, though. You feel that pursuing the ERA is a waste of time, and I don't.
Where you have failed, if you want to use that word, is to convince me that your argument is better than mine, just as I've failed to convince you that my argument is better than yours.
But that's okay. Reasonable people can disagree.
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civil rights act
includes women specifically only in the title on employment. that's an important one, but not enough.
nwp+era
I know what the letters stand for. I just don't know what "national women's party plus equal rights amendment" means.
yes, i misunderstood your question. apologies. the shorthand nwp+era grew out of discussions around now that the fkdp has abandoned us, what do we do? try to take it back? vote third party? start a new party? if we start a new party, what kind should it be?
Absolutely, the ERA should be a goal to mitigate damage under the current legal system, but I'm not convinced that it should suck all the air out of structural changes necessary for gender equality.
well, you would think that, in this day and age, we wouldn't need to enshrine in the constitution that women are people too. you would think that, in this day and age, that would be an obvious and inviolable fact. but given all the gender inequality that still exists, a lot of us think that yes, this is one basic structural change that is absolutely necessary.
Word, sister!
Very well-said.
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I don't think it's a matter of sucking all the oxygen out
I think it's a matter of putting a match to the oxygen that's already there.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Well, hmm.
"And through this all, we must put at the forefront of our consciousness and our action the struggle against the three fundamental inequalities of the world -- gender, class, and race/ethnicity/religion. This is the hardest task of all, since there are none of us guiltless and none of us pure. And the entire world culture that we have all inherited militates against this."
Lambert said he reads this is:
"A difficult task is rendered easier by approaching its difficulties honestly, yes?"
Yes, I agree with that, what you said.
But I dunno about the rest of what he said. Are the three fundamentals really gender, class, race/ethnicity/religion? I certainly don't see gender bias being at the top of progressives' list. At all. Should be. But isn't.
If one is identifying sources of human suffering, one may as well go with the classic passion, aggression, and ignorance, no?
Reporter to Mahatma Gandhi: What do you think of Western Civilization?
Gandhi to reporter: I think it would be a good idea.
Me neither on the three "fundamentals"
Here, although for different reasons. With so much in that essay that's dynamic, they feel schematic.
On the other hand, one can hardly build a political movement based on the idea that the cause of suffering is desire, no? Or yes?
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Feminist Perspective: Some Quick Thoughts
Apologies in advance for this hit-and-run comment, which will be mostly devoid of linky goodness, but I do hope to get back to this, as it's something I think about a great deal, but have no conclusive answers.
A great t-shirt I saw during the election said, "There's only one race, the human race; the rest is culture." Although I believe that with all my heart, culture is damned important, and probably most important in informing foundational stuctures of our society is gender culture.
Gender culture starts very young. I remember reading about a gender differences experiment where very young children (maybe 6 or 7 year olds) were playing a game where the reward was pennies. The researchers noticed that the boys and girls were equally good at accumulating pennies, but their goals seemed to be remarkably different. Basically, the girls would go after after a predetermined number of pennies, and be content with that number regardless of whether other people had as many or more pennies; the boys would keep playing all out with the goal of having more pennies than anyone else. The implications of this, that the genders tend to have different value systems, is far-reaching in economic terms if it is really a fundamental difference. This paragraph tends to echo the penny experiment, especially if you bear in mind that perfect competition can be viewed as fairness, or an even playing field, etc. which tends not to be valued in our culture:
Other studies do seem to support the idea that women tend to organize themselves in flat structures that are democratic while men organize themselves (and others) in hierarchical structures that are more authoritarian. Pat Heim's the Power Dead-Even Rule bears out what many people of both genders observe everyday in many different contexts. Given that our culture is primarily male-dominated in just about every realm, it should come as no surprise that we are not particularly democratic, but instead rely upon hegemony and basic dominance:
Wallerstein repeatedly asserts that the current system is not sustainable and that a successor system is all but inevitable. This part especially caught my eye, as I've been thinking for some time that the Shock Doctrine could be used to put in place a kinder, gentler successor system rather than the usual fascistic disaster capitalism:
So what would that radically different successor system look like that is both relatively democratic and relatively egalitarian and how do we get there? I tend to agree with Naomi Klein that it would look a whole lot like democratic socialism rather than the current disaster capitalism. It's no surprise to me that Klein was brought up by a feminist. I don't think capitalism as we know it could even exist without patriarchy. How would the entire system work, or even have come about in the first place without the unpaid and underpaid work of women? Wallerstein notes an economic turning point around 1968 which seems to coincide with women entering the paid workforce in great numbers. As the Shriver Report details, women are now half the paid workforce, soon to be more than half. This has had a huge effect on our society, but has not fundamentally altered it since men still call the shots in the workplace and in government. The Thirty Percent Solution suggests we won't see a female paradigm emerge until women control 30% of the leadership positions. I think women will need to be represented at the same level as their demographics to bring about enough change to fundamentally alter the way we do things, but in this time of disequilibrium that 30% could steer us in a fundamentally different direction. Aren't 30% of the Senate seats up for grabs next year? That would be a great place to start for a coalition of single-payer+ERA+CEDAW. The parties comprising that coalition could be a mixture of single issue parties, or a big bloc of independent parties, but I think the bigger you get, like the former Big Tent Party, the harder it is to hold together over a long period of time, and the less effective it is.