i'd actually be ok with truthiness in service to good ends-- Submitted by amberglow on Tue, 2008-06-03 11:11.
if there was real progress and fighting behind it that would practically and substantially improve lives and opportunity for all, and the truthiness was in service to the reality of our needs, and simply another tool in a vast and effective arsenal.
politics kinda demands something other than the whole truth
often, i think.
Submitted by amberglow on Tue, 2008-06-03 11:14.
Personally, though I may err on the side of the truthy, I prefer to stay on the side of the truth.
Otherwise, I might as well be part of the Village
. why would anyone believe anything I say?
NOTE Hat tip, Herb the Verb. UPDATE Butchered comment fixed.



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Comments
Ouch.
Now it's personal?
Only if...
... you think that a person's arguments are the same as the person.
You don't think that, do you?
Say the post was under my name. Would you agree, or disagree?
And if you agree... You may get taught meanings of the word "Ouch" you didn't think you knew.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Fundamental Principles
This is why I think a conversation of fundamental principles is needed.
I'll flip this one a little. Many people here believe Hillary to be the better qualified candidate that is much more likely to be a steadfast progressive. What if she ran a campaign like Obama's and actually stole delegates? Would that have been OK? I would say no. I've mentioned time and again that the sanctity of the process was more important than the players. If we accept the current system--cheating, stealing, media manipulation--we will end up solely choosing our nominee based on who the media deems worthy of the presidency and who can steal votes more efficiently. That is fundamentally bad.
Also, Kant 101 and his famous attempts to find a categorical imperative would be a useful discussion. I think we would have better answers for this question if we debated some more basic philosophical principles. This question has been hashed out a lot in anti-Utilitarian circles.
Not that PB2.0 has to be Kantian/deontological, but its a useful exercise to have these debates, IMO. And not some faux-intellectual debate that, to me, characterizes PB1.0 where we find some quote taken out of context from some ancient philosopher to make us look smart.
Speaks for itself
If everyone agrees that lies are acceptable, then nothing is trustworthy and all meaningful conversation, all exchange of ideas and positions, will be terminally corrupted. To accept that lies are an acceptable means of advancing an agenda is to accept defeat by the forces of evil; it denies us the ability to separate ourselves from those who would do us great harm. We become as they are, and opposition to the horror show ceases to be effective. Such a position deserves nothing less than absolute and unequivocal condemnation and rejection.
PS: Consistently wrong is not an admirable trait.
Consistently Wrong
I was hoping Team Kerry would use "Consistently Wrong" against Bush since the latter had made such a big deal about being consistent. Consistently wrong is a great description of Bush 43.
Okay Lambert...
Your blog dude. Call out whomever you like.
WTF
is that supposed to mean?
Or is that also not 'personal'?
Answer the argument
Here it is:
Do you agree?
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Isn't that just another way of saying
The end justifies the means? If that's the case, then what makes us any different from those we rail against?
Who determines "good ends"?
I'm sure Obama and PB1.0 think that everything they are doing is for "good ends" as well.
I may not be a complete philosophical skeptic, but the one think I am skeptical about is my--and other people's--infallibility.
As far as PB 2.0
I'd argue that method is just as important as principles if not moreso -- it's method that prevents us from becoming what we oppose, not principles. Very few people, I think, start out evil.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
method versus principle
One thing that bothered me a lot about scientists is that some would ridicule philosophical inquiry all the while failing to realize that empiricism and the scientific method are part of philosophical inquiry. The two are intimately tied together, though many too often fail to see that.
I personally don't distinguish between method and principle. For example, a simple approach to utilitarianism is that the end can justify the means. The phil 101 question is: If there is a person hiding in your room from a killer (who won't kill you) and the killer asks if the person is in the room, is it OK to lie? Why or why not? Is saving someone's life more important than telling the truth to some killer? This goes to the heart of amberglow's statement. There may be times when principles are at conflict and how do you decide what to do. Deciding how you go about making a choice is also a principle, unless you want to agree that in each case we should just do as the moment suggests in an ad hoc manner. Setting a rigorous framework (or method) is itself a principle, is it not?
Back to Rawls and Hobbes
Not everyone starts out "evil" (whatever that word means), but its hard to deny some end up that way. The beauty of a Rawlsian or Hobbesian framework is that it allows the inclusion of both "good" and "evil" actors in the game.
Answer the Arugment
Dude, I was the second commenter in the thread.
You tell me what I said.
Let me help you
This.
Try again.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
what amberglow does, very well i believe
is to describe reality.
he has a habit of describing the way the world, especially the political world, works.
i find that appealing -
and appealingly unmoralistic.
if a "truthy" statement would guarantee the passage of net neutrality would one not make that statement if one were a politician?
certainly, if one were a good politician one would.
and single-payer health care?
would a competent politician deign to make a truthy statement to get such a bill passed?
of course,
else he would not be a competent politician.
Just so I'm clear....
1. you, Orion
2. will say anything, truthful or not,
3. in service to your goals
4. like a politician
Correct?
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
willy j
glad to see you back and sitting in first chair again.
your comments here, like amberglow's, are one's i value - for the acuity of their skepticism and their criticism.
you, lambert
will twist any argument made in opposition to your own, the more so when made by those who aren't your pals.
and, yes lambert,
to reiterate my argument,
if i were the speaker of the house and truthiness would pass net neutrality or single-payer i would use that device - as would any competent politician.
in fact, i would consider myself bound by my obligations to the public good to do just that.
Let me help you, Lambert
Did you miss that while you were writing this post?
Second comment in the thread.
Must I clarify the meaning of my words?
Got it, not on this thread
But on the original.
Glad to see you applying that principle to the mysterious "Monica," the donor. Or, er, were you?
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Many problems with "truth"
For one thing, it is not always black and white...it can be nuanced and politicians and their advisors take advantage of this. So often that it becomes a matter of course, habit. If you listen to Senate-speak, it is full of overwrought rhetoric tapdancing around "pure" truths. The pure truth does not get air time. (Look at Dennis Kucinich.)
Lying about one's opponent makes one a liar. Spinning the truth makes one a campaign consultant.
For another, all humans have lied at some point in their lives. We all know how to lie and how not to lie. Comics and storytellers and gossips spin the truth for entertainment value. The "news" media does likewise, because pure truth is not fun. Honorable and ethical, yes, but depressing and even destructive at times.
Less-than-truth in service of a cause? Could be a matter of degree. How far past pure truth is too far? Asking who gets hurt is a start. But then the justifying begins: "It's OK, because X is a robber baron who hates the poor." And I feel that is where we find ourselves today.
The Beauty of Grey
It's not just a song.
This is exactly why I think a principled way to deal with these uncertainties is important. Its too easy to pretend we are philosopher kings who can easily make the distinction between "right" and "wrong", but we are all fallible.
It's also dangerous to pretend that truth is a phantom
McClatchy's John Walcott:
Halfway between say, slavery and abolition, or between segregation and civil rights, or communism and democracy. If you quote Dietrich Bonhoeffer or Winston Churchill, in other words, you must give equal time and credence to Hitler and Joseph Goebbels.
That idea that truth is a social construct first appeared in academia, as a corruption of post-modernism, but now it's taken root in our culture without our really realizing it or understanding its implications.
What began with liberal academics arguing that the belief of some Southwestern Indians that humans are descended from a subterranean world of supernatural spirits is, as one archaeologist put it, "just as valid as archaeology", has now devolved into the argument that global warming is a liberal invention.
As NYU philosophy professor Paul Boghossian puts it in a wonderful little book, "Fear of Knowledge":
" . . . the idea that there are many equally valid ways of knowing the world, with science being just one of them, has taken very deep root."
All knowledge, in other words, Boghossian explains, depends on its social, political, religious or other context, an idea that evolved, if you will, from Kant, Hume, Nietzsche, Hegel and William James.
Although this kind of thinking, either relativism or constructivism, in the language of philosophy, started on the left, conservatives feel empowered by it, too, and some of them have embraced it with a vengeance, on issues ranging from global warming and evolution to the war in Iraq, which until very recently they insisted was going well and didn't appear to be only because liberal, anti-American journalists weren't reporting all the good news that they just knew was out there somewhere in Diyala province.
"Journalists live in the reality-based world," a White House official said to Ron Suskind, writing for The New York Times Magazine back in the headier days of 2004. "The world doesn't really work that way any more. We're an empire now, and when we act, we create our own reality."
I respectfully disagree.
The Church was wrong, and Copernicus and Galileo were right.
The Earth is not flat, and men did land on the Moon.
There is not one truth for Fox News and another for The Nation.
Kenneth Lay and Jeffrey Skilling were wrong, no matter how devoutly they may have believed their own propaganda.
President Bush was wrong to think that it would be a simple matter to make Iraq the mother of all Mideast democracy.
Or, as Georges Clemenceau said when he was asked what he thought historians might say about the First World War: "They will not say that Belgium invaded Germany."
I'm not talking here about matters of taste or of partisan politics or, heaven help us, of faith: Whether Monet or Manet was a better painter; or whether Jesus was the Messiah, a prophet or a fraud. Those are personal matters: beliefs, opinions and preferences of which we, and hopefully our Iraqi friends, must simply learn to be more tolerant.
But as Harry G. Frankfurt, an emeritus professor of philosophy at Princeton, puts it in his marvelous little book, "On Truth" (the sequel, I tell you truly, to his first classic, "On Bullshit"):
"It seems ever more clear to me that higher levels of civilization must depend even more heavily on a conscientious respect for the importance of honesty and clarity in reporting the facts, and on a stubborn concern for accuracy in determining what the facts are."
There you have it. That is why I do what I do.
I never denied truth
I thought it was clear from my previous postings that I'm not a philosophical skeptic (though I think that is a good debate in and of itself), but that I'm skeptical of human infallibility.
Also, the use of slavery or the flatness of the earth as being "grey" issues is absurd. Surely you don't think my comments suggest the allowance of pretty obvious black and white issues like slavery or the flatness of the earth, do ya? Sorry, but this is the type of faux-intellectual argument that bothers me as it trivializes the discussion and ignores what's really being debated.
I agree that some of Walcott's examples aren't ideal
But his thesis that there's a lot of wishy-washiness about re: the realness of truth is spot-on.
We've died by the sword of truthiness, and I'll be damned if I want to live by it.
The topic at hand here is whether we should practice or forgive truthiness when it's for a good cause. Introducing greyness into this argument is, seems to me, something of a red herring. The original post critiques a defense of intentional truthiness. So, why is greyness a relevant topic?
One of my greatest grievances with Obama and his fan base
Is the incessant truthiness. I detest the stuff and don't want to be associated with it. Ever.
Do I get things wrong? Of course.
Do I rationalize? I try my best not to.
Do I believe in lying if the ends are just? Hell, no.
Pardon my repost
It fits better here.
My view:
Truthiness=dishonesty=not progressive=we are better than that=why propogate unsourced truthies when the sourcable TRUTHS are both more powerful and bad enough already = no reason for truthy to exist except to make people gloat = further no reason for truthy since it can also be relatively easily debunked = if you use the truthy rather than the truth, all the rest of your arguments and "evidence" are thrown into question regardless of how well-sourced or "true" they may be since the only thing you have that no one can ever take away but you can give away for nothing is your integrity.
I believe people who make truthy arguments are playing Russian roulette with their integrity. I don't want any part in it, but that is each individuals decision to make. For the most part I think people make truthY arguments is because they are too lazy or unskilled to make truthFULL arguments.
= Raise your game.
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Around these parts we call cucumber slices circle bites
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I'm not such a bad guy once you get to know me.
Sourcing
What happens when you can't rely on any of the sources? What happens when you have multiple newspapers say candidate X planted a prayer at some religious site, but the campaign for candidate X refutes the charge. We don't trust the newspapers, but we don't trust candidate X either. Do we just ignore the story?
Good question, gq
Repeating:
Reminds me of the saying that hard cases make bad law.
In retrospect, I should never have gotten involved in the snakepit of Israeli journalism. A mistake!
That said, I checked out the post, and found two separate Israeli newspaper stories saying the same thing. In refutation, a commenter brought forward a TNR article that looked pretty tendentious itself, and was also immediately trolled at several other sites. I then posted all of that information, plus commentary, as an update to the original post. That I had "time" to do (willy) because the post was mine, and I had the burden of either addressing the arguments, or retracting the post.
All, or even, that was missing from the original IOMV donor post. (In addition, as I keep pointing out, the writer of the post was a putative hedge fund investor, but doesn't write that way.) The donor post then propagated to several other blogs, including, very unfortunately, this one.
Maybe this is a question of method? The original IOMV post was basically, "trust me." In general, we should be leery of posts like that. So, I backtraced the sourcing, just like I did the Israeli stories, and, unlike that case, found nothing. amberglow found an account named "Monica" that claimed to have owned the post, but there's no way to tell that the account really is that Monica, so we're back to trust.
That's just insufficient. People can huff and puff all they want that "lambert can't prove it's false," but the burden is on the poster to provide some other basis than "trust me" that the post is true, and that has never been done.
And, needless to say, if we're going to be able to operate on trust, then the notion of truthiness has to be rooted out.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
Ha Ha.
There you go again with the snark.
Did I say the letter was 1oo% without a doubt real?
Sure didn't, in fact, I think I repeated several times that I can't claim it is. (just as you can't claim it is 100% without a doubt fake)
Ah, nuance.
Did I say this "Monica" comment was in fact from the person who wrote the letter?
Why, no.
All I said was it's easy enough to dig a little deeper and try to find out. (you don't have the time!!!)
It all went downhill from there, and continues to.
There is no ambiguity left is there?
ambiguity is one thing...
I repost my response elsewhere here:
You write here:
Then if it's "easy enough," the original poster can do it, because the burden should be on them. Or the commenters defending the post can do it, if it's "easy enough." Or -- here's an idea -- you can do it, thereby proving your point that it's "easy enough," and adding an excellent piece of real data to the discussion. The poster chose not to, the defenders chose not to, and you choose not to. I'm betting that's because in fact it's not that "easy," or any of you would already have done it.
One can only ask one's self what that would be. Perhaps you have an answer?
So, no, I don't "have time" to clean up after every steaming load of truthiness dropped on this blog by people working for the higher good. I had a bellyful doing that for the Obama campaign, if truth be known, and I'm heartily sick of it.
UPDATE Various intensifications added to the prose.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
@herb
Now I'll ask a question:
Is not the question of whether this letter is real or fake the determining factor as to if we're dealing with 'truthiness' or not?
Lambert telling people they're 'better than that' without having actually done any 'sourcing' to back up his own opinion of the letter is how we got here. IMO.
Which is why I asked if he and amberglow were 'arguing over nothing'.
IT ISN'T UP TO READERS
TO DEBUNK OR "PROVE FALSE" UNSOURCED, UNLIKELY, UNVERIFIED MATERIAL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
And that is alot of exclamation marks: I mean every one of them.
Willy,
I am gobsmacked that you now seem to be trying to turn all common practice of sourcing, debunking, etc. on it's head by saying "prove it's false" to people who doubt the veracity of something that is anonymous and unsourced.
What part of "Judith Miller" do you not get?
The ORIGINAL POSTER has the onus on THEM NOT LAMBERT!
Jesus H. Sweating Christ!
-----------------------------
Around these parts we call cucumber slices circle bites
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I'm not such a bad guy once you get to know me.
Tis easier to prove the positive than the negative
Remember reading something about that in them senior level math classes.
Running In Circles arguing with yourself at this point.
Je repete...
At what point did Caro present it as legit?
Come on, now
This trivializes an otherwise important discussion. Or at least I thought this was about a fundamental issue rather than some specific example.
What Herb said
Double super bonus happy hour pony bingo.
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
@herb
No, my point is that Lambert doesn't know if it's a fake. Other than declaring it so.
It's his strong opinion that it is.
But a 'fact'? No.
And, if person X posts an admitted anonymous letter, person Y then claims it's a fake, how exactly is person X responsible for Y's complaints about it...
when Y doesn't offer up any evidence either?
Again...Caro didn't jump forward and yell "It's True, I Know It's True!!!" after Lambert's 'complaint'. The debate shifted towards 'truthiness' without verifying if what we're dealing with is in fact 'truthiness'.
If that makes sense?
about a fundamental issue rather than some specific example.
And my question is...
if we don't know something is real or fake, at what point do we declare it 'truthiness'?
Is something automatically truthiness unless it can be reliably sourced 100%, and does that extend to things that are being presented as someone's anonymous opinion?
So, why is greyness a relevant topic?
Since a specific post (Caro's) is what this is about, is intent now the question?
Caro knowingly posted an anonymous letter in an attempt to reinforce a false meme damaging to Obama?
The topic at hand seems pretty clearly to be amberglow's...
... statement in support of truthiness: "i’d actually be ok with truthiness in service to good ends"
If people would rather discuss Caro's post here, instead of this rather blunt statement in support of false narratives -- sure, why not?
It's not about intent
"Caro knowingly posted an anonymous letter in an attempt to reinforce a false meme damaging to Obama?"
I would say yes if you replaced "knowingly", with "possibly gullibly" or "uncritically", or "lazily", or "without care". Then I would put "possibly" in front of "false".
And my question in response is this: we (and especially someone like Lambert who is directly associated with what is posted on this blog) are not supposed to question things which are quite likely false (and could once debunked would bring this blog into disrepute) if they are "truthy" and make us "feel good"? Isn't that when we should be MOST critical rather than must gullible? If we aren't demanding more, why don't we just get it fucking over with and submit to OFBdom, since that is the definition of "if it FEELS true, it must be true"?
After all, Hillary wanted Obama dead, that's the only rational reason she could have for talking about RFK and June.
You completely ignored Lambert's challenge, if it is so easy to prove true or false, then YOU do it. Please do, that would really add something of value.
-----------------------------
Around these parts we call cucumber slices circle bites
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I'm not such a bad guy once you get to know me.
Okay vastleft
I'm 'people', and I'm done.
Just askin fuckin questions.
Don't you find it striking when...
... people keep picking at tangential topics while skipping over the main thrust of a thread?
I guess I'm just too linear.
Given that this discussion
is directly related to what went down in the comment section of Caro's post...
I fail to see what's so striking about it.
herb drags up an old quote, simply to point out (I guess) that amberglow has some sort of 'problem' with truthiness, Lambert makes a whole separate post about THAT, and I'm being told what I can and cannot ask as it relates to the larger question?
Not a question of being linear...since I answered the fucking question Lambert posed upthread already.
Forgive My Ignorance
but isn't truthiness a bit different from the simple lie. People lie. Progressives lie. Conservatives lie. When they teach chimps sign language, they lie. The idea that this can be stopped is like relying on abstinence-only sex education.
Lies are bad and shouldn't be told.* But they will be, especially by politicans for good and ill reasons.
An example of what I would call run of the mill lying is what was done on FISA - claiming the bill said X when it really said Y. Something you can easily verify or not by reading the bill.
To me, while truthiness (which Stephen Colbert has defined as truth "from the gut" instead of from books) is lying, it's a specific kind of lying. One that depends on the idea that it's okay to spread it because people "feel" it's true even though it's not. In other words, it find "truth" in emotions and not fact, which is more dangerous, IMO, than run of the mill lying ("I always supported ethanol, Mr. Iowa Farmer").
For example, saying Al Gore would do anything to be president or Hillary Clinton wanted Obama dead would by truthy because those are lies based on feelings about specific people - hatred for Al Gore and Hillary Clinton. It's closely related to the idea of the big lie. It's not lying about whether waterboarding is torture, it's repeatedly saying the U.S. doesn't torture (this also taps into a feeling, Americans want to believe this about our country). It's not enough to say Hillary Clinton lied about X issue, you have to make it a big lie that taps into the hatred some feel for her (and so they will shut down their critical thinking), you have to take it a step further to get to the big lie, like claiming she wished her opponent dead. Which leads to the truthy conclusion that Hillary Clinton is a monster (how nice that Samantha Power didn't bother with the anecdotal lies but jumped straight to the conclusion the Obama campaign was aiming for) or that Al Gore was a gigantic liar. Hey, it just feels true (because we've told you so many lies about them).
To me, this is what makes truthiness so dangerous, it taps into very deep emotions which make undoing the damage very difficult because people are so invested in believing the truthy version.
Truthiness, IMO, is completely anathema to not only progressive thought, but to any healthy political discourse. It's all about putting feelings, particularly deep-seated ones like hatred, above truth. No good come from that, IMO.
* This, of course, is itself a form of truthiness, something we want to believe is true even though it isn't. Sometimes lies should be told or arguably should be told - "that hat looks fantastic on you" or, to use an example above "no Mr. Killer, I haven't seen Ms. Victim anywhere" or "officer, I swear I was doing the speed limit."
"Do what you feel in your heart to be right -- for you'll be criticized anyway. You'll be damned if you do, and damned if you don't. " - Eleanor Roosevelt
i stand by all my statements--
and regarding what that Monica person wrote about or whoever it was, was not lies, but investigation and vetting and her determination of whether someone deserves her money and support--something totally absent this season to this country's detriment entirely.)
btw, you might want to investigate that letter and its author if you're so sure it's a fake. Or you could tell the person who posted it here not to do so, etc--unfortunately you decided not to do that and to jump on me for just commenting about it.
No
The burden is on the poster, and if you want to defend the post, then the way to do that is not to demand of somebody else that they undertake the defense of the post.
Willyj said that would be "easy enough" to do. So why doesn't he, or you, or the poster do it?
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi
i didn't post it, and i commented on one link in it--
i further gave links and reasons why it may not be fake. I didn't even strongly defend it--i said it was a strong letter and i bet that more donors feel that way too.
Your ball.
Fair enough...
... I think and thought that the reasons ("Monica") were weak. Nevertheless, the primary burden is on Caro who, after her posting today, seems mysteriously absent.
I agree that it's a strong letter; I agree with most of the content; and many donors do feel that way (not all).
But the main question is whether the letter is real, is it not?
[ ] Very tepidly voting for Obama [ ] ?????. [ ] Any mullah-sucking billionaire-teabagging torture-loving pus-encrusted spawn of Cthulhu, bless his (R) heart.
"First they ignore you, then they ridicule you, then they fight you, then you win." -- Mahatma Gandhi